TRANSPORTATION CODE
CHAPTER 283. CAUSEWAYS, BRIDGES, AND TUNNELS IN CERTAIN COUNTIES
SUBCHAPTER A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
§ 283.001. DEFINITIONS. In this chapter:
(1) "Bondholder" includes a trustee for a bondholder.
(2) "Bond instrument" means a bond resolution or trust
indenture.
(3) "Interim bond" means a temporary bond, with or
without coupons, that may be converted to a definitive bond.
(4) "Project" means a causeway, bridge, or tunnel,
including a necessary approach, fixture, accessory, or equipment
that:
(A) is located in one county; and
(B) traverses or lies under the water of the Gulf
of Mexico, including a bay or inlet opening.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.002. APPLICABILITY. This chapter applies only to
a county that:
(1) borders on the Gulf of Mexico; and
(2) has a population of at least 20,000 as determined
before the issuance of bonds under this chapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.003. GENERAL AUTHORITY TO ACT. (a) Except as
provided in Subsection (b), a county acting through its
commissioners court may:
(1) construct, acquire, improve, operate, and
maintain a project;
(2) authorize by resolution and issue revenue bonds,
including interim bonds, to pay the cost of construction,
acquisition, or improvement of the project; and
(3) accept a loan, gift, or grant from this state or
the United States and enter into any agreement necessary to obtain
the loan, gift, or grant.
(b) A county may not construct a bridge that traverses a
ship channel or waterway with a maintained depth of 20 feet or more.
(c) Except as provided by Section 283.104, a county may act
as authorized by this chapter without the consent, approval,
supervision, or regulation of the state.
(d) A county performs an essential governmental function
when it acts as authorized by this chapter.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
SUBCHAPTER B. PROVISIONS RELATING TO A PROJECT
§ 283.101. ACQUISITION OF PROPERTY. (a) A county
acting under this chapter may enter on land, water, or other
premises to make a survey, sounding, or examination of the
property.
(b) When a condemnation proceeding is filed by a county, the
county may take immediate possession of the property being
condemned pending the results of the proceeding if the county
tenders a bond or other security approved by the court that is
sufficient to secure the property owner for damages to the
property.
(c) The state grants to a county any easement or
right-of-way traversing state property that is necessary or
convenient to the construction, acquisition, or efficient
operation of a project.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.102. MANAGEMENT OF PROJECT. (a) A bond
instrument may allow the project to be managed and controlled by a
board of trustees while the bonds issued are outstanding.
(b) The bond instrument in providing for a board of trustees
must:
(1) name no more than five board members;
(2) provide the manner of appointment; and
(3) specify the powers and duties of the board.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.103. TOLLS REQUIRED. The county shall impose
tolls and other charges for use of the project in amounts that are
sufficient to:
(1) pay operation and maintenance costs of the
project;
(2) pay principal and interest when due on the bonds;
(3) establish a reserve fund if required; and
(4) establish an adequate depreciation and
replacement fund.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.104. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF
PROJECT. (a) The commission may:
(1) agree with a county to operate, maintain, or
contribute to the maintenance costs of a project if the agreement is
not inconsistent with the rights of the bondholders;
(2) lease a project from a county under terms that are
agreed to by the county and that are not inconsistent with the bond
instrument; and
(3) declare or operate all or part of a project as part
of the state highway system only if the property and contract rights
in the project and in the bonds are not unfavorably affected.
(b) The project shall become part of the state highway
system and the commission shall maintain the project free of tolls
when:
(1) the principal and interest due on the bonds are
paid; or
(2) a sufficient reserve to pay the principal and
interest due on the bonds until maturity has been deposited in an
irrevocable trust fund for the benefit of the bondholders.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
SUBCHAPTER C. PROVISIONS RELATING TO BONDS
§ 283.201. BOND PROCEEDS. (a) Except as provided in
Subsection (b), the proceeds of bonds issued under this chapter
shall be:
(1) used only to pay the cost of the project described
by Section 283.202; and
(2) disbursed consistent with the terms of the bond
instrument.
(b) Bond proceeds remaining after the cost of the project
has been paid in full shall be used to pay interest on and retire the
bonds.
(c) Unless otherwise provided in a bond instrument, if the
bond proceeds are insufficient to pay the cost of the project,
additional bonds may be issued up to the amount of the deficit and
the bonds are:
(1) considered part of the same issue as the bonds
first issued; and
(2) entitled to payment from the same fund without
preference or priority of the bonds first issued.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.202. COSTS AND EXPENSES. (a) The cost of the
project may include:
(1) the cost of construction;
(2) the cost of all property used in the construction,
acquisition, improvement, operation, or maintenance of the
project;
(3) payment of the cost of condemning property,
including the award, court costs, and attorney's fees;
(4) payment of all legal, fiscal, or engineering
expenses incurred in the acquisition or construction of the
project, the making of any preliminary survey or investigation, or
the authorization and issuance of the bonds; and
(5) payment of interest on the bonds before
construction, during construction, and for one year after
construction of the project.
(b) Any preliminary expense paid from a county fund shall be
repaid to the fund from the proceeds of the bonds when available.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.203. SOURCE OF REPAYMENT. (a) A bond authorized
by this chapter may be paid only from the revenues received from the
operation of the project.
(b) The bond is not a debt of the county.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.204. DEPOSITORY FOR PROCEEDS AND REVENUES. A bank
or trust company in this state may:
(1) act as a depository of bond proceeds or revenues
received from the operation of a project; and
(2) provide an indemnity bond or pledge securities
required by the county.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.205. TRUST INDENTURE PERMITTED. (a) A bond
authorized by this chapter may be secured by a trust indenture
between the county and a corporate trustee that is a trust company
or bank with the powers of a trust company.
(b) A trust indenture may pledge or assign revenues.
(c) A trust indenture may not convey or mortgage all or part
of the project.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.206. BOND PROVISIONS. (a) A bond authorized by
this chapter shall contain the following clause: "The holder
hereof shall never have the right to demand payment of this
obligation out of any funds raised or to be raised by taxation."
(b) A bond instrument may contain provisions:
(1) that restrict individual rights of action of a
bondholder;
(2) that detail the rights and remedies of a
bondholder and a trustee;
(3) to protect and enforce as reasonable the rights
and remedies of a bondholder, including covenants detailing the
duties of the county in:
(A) acquiring property and constructing,
maintaining, operating, repairing, and insuring the project; and
(B) maintaining custody of the bond proceeds and
revenues and safeguarding and applying the funds; and
(4) to secure as reasonable a bondholder, including
covenants detailing:
(A) an event that constitutes an event of
default;
(B) terms and conditions that would or could
result in an acceleration of the bond maturity date; and
(C) rights, liabilities, powers, and duties that
arise because of a breach by the county.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.207. BOND APPROVAL AND REGISTRATION. (a) A bond
issued under this chapter may be presented to the attorney general
for approval in the same manner and with like effect as is provided
for the approval of a tax bond issued by a county.
(b) After approval by the attorney general, the comptroller
shall register the bonds as in the case of other county bonds.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.208. RIGHTS OF BONDHOLDERS. (a) A bond issued
under this chapter creates and grants a lien on bond proceeds in
favor of a bondholder until the bond is paid.
(b) In addition to other legal remedies, a bondholder may
enforce the bondholder's rights against:
(1) a county and its employees; and
(2) a board, including an agent or employee, created
to operate the project.
(c) A bondholder's rights include the right to:
(1) require the county or board to:
(A) impose and collect sufficient tolls and other
charges to carry out agreements in the bond instrument; and
(B) perform an agreement, covenant, or duty
provided in the bond instrument; and
(2) apply for and obtain the appointment of a receiver
for the project.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.209. RECEIVERSHIP. (a) A receiver appointed
under Section 283.208, acting in the same manner as the county, may:
(1) take possession of the project;
(2) maintain the project; and
(3) collect and receive revenues received from the
project.
(b) The receiver shall dispose of and apply revenues:
(1) according to the obligations of the county under
the bond instrument; and
(2) as directed by a court.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
§ 283.210. TAX STATUS OF BONDS. A bond issued under
this chapter, the transfer of and income from the bond, and any
profit made in the sale of the bond is exempt from taxation by this
state or a political subdivision of this state.
Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 165, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995.
